Understandably, ensuring a robot can keep its balance on a ball (with a special non-slip coating), takes a bit of work. There's a trio of gyroscopic sensors that monitor pitch yaw and row in three dimensions and detect tilt angles, while a trio of wheels spin onto the ball, rotating it all in the necessary directions and speed to either keep Cheerleader atop the ball, or move it where needed. (Similar gyro-sensors are used in electronic stability control (ESC) systems to prevent cars from skidding.) The nature of using the sphere as the wheel of sorts, is that the robot can both in all directions, while facing any direction -- ideal for avoiding other robot cheerleaders.
This is all well and good, until you throw in another nine ball-balancing robots. To ensure they keep upright, it's apparently a software issue, pairing multiple sensors within each robot with two towers that project a combination of ultrasonic and infrared signals. As we all know, light and sound travel at different speeds, thus when the robot gets detected (there's five mics and four sensors underneath the Cheerleaders' microphone sponge wig), the difference in signal timing gives distance. With the two posts, this also gives the location on a 2D plane. From there, the team can plan the (obviously important) choreography. If a single robot stumbles, not only does the software recalibrate to keep it on track, it also tells other robots to steer clear.
The robots use an intentionally low-frequency signal to ensure that it's picked up easier. According to the company, this would make them idea for working inside less-than ideal signal conditions, like deep within buildings and even inside structures, like tunnels and bridges that would require maintenance.Single search robots, once they've found someone in need of rescue, could coalesce together to make a bigger bot capable of assisting -- which was the second-most Japanese thing I heard that day.
Yoshikawa-san elaborates that the some of the base research for these robots wasn't to create synchronized robot Cheerleaders (I'm still shocked), but as part of a study project with Kyoto University into using robots to effectively complete high-speed search and rescue sweeps as a unit. Further still, there's also the notion that single search robots, once they've found someone in need of rescue, could coalesce together to make a bigger bot capable of assistance -- which was the second most-Japanese thing I heard that day.Source: Murata
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